Understanding Git Internals

Git is more than just commit, push, pull. Understanding its internal structure helps in resolving complex merge conflicts and optimizing workflows.

Git Objects and References

Git stores everything as objects: blobs (files), trees (directories), commits, and tags. References (branches) are pointers to specific commits.

Advanced Commands

Command Use Case Risk Level
git rebase -i Squash commits, edit history High
git cherry-pick Apply specific commits Medium
git bisect Find bug introduction Low
git reflog Recover lost commits Low

Branching Strategies

GitFlow: master, develop, feature, release, hotfix branches
Trunk-based Development: short-lived branches, continuous integration
GitHub Flow: main branch with feature branches and pull requests

# Finding bug with bisect
git bisect start
git bisect bad HEAD
git bisect good v1.0
git bisect run python test.py